Wastewater discharges are most commonly controlled through effluent standards and discharge permits.
Under this system, discharge permits are issued withlimits on the quantity and quality of effluents.
Water-quality standards are sets of qualitative and quantitative criteria designedto maintain or enhance the quality of receiving waters.
Criteria can be developed and implemented to protect aquatic life against acute and chronic effects and to safeguard humans against deleterious health effects, including cancer.
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